Scientists are actively considering the factors that cause autoimmune disorders. They want to understand the immune responses involved.
So far, they have figured that there is PTPN22 which regulates T-cell response. However, the R620W mutation prevents this response from reaching a point where it can interact with other proteins. To investigate the impact of this, researchers have introduced a variant into mice. They have observed increased T-cell activation. Interestingly, T cells carrying the R620W variant in humans displayed the opposite response.
In a recent study, researchers shed light on these conflicting results. They…

The declining global population might alleviate the strain that is currently caused by eight billion people. However, there are claims from economists that the decline in birth rates spells doom. This is because it may lead to fewer workers and consumers who are necessary for fueling economic growth.
You see, every individual requires food, water, energy, and shelter. If our goal is to enhance the quality of life, the demands per person will rise, even in a sustainable development scenario.
The loss of biodiversity is a tragedy that can be attributed to a high global population. A world without enough wildlife in the coming …

Seattle’s population has been growing over the past decade. Luckily, the city has managed to tackle the accompanying traffic problem. This has seen a reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by 10 percent. The solution was found in an unexpected place – buses. While they are overlooked as a means to decarbonize transportation, they are quite effective.
Research supports electric vehicles as a means of decarbonization. However, vehicle electrification alone is not sufficient to meet the right goals. A 2020 analysis warns that if the U.S. were to replace all gas cars with EVs, it would put a strain on the country’s …

New research conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey’s Yellowstone Volcano Observatory shows that the last big eruption at Yellowstone Volcano was not a single massive explosion. It was a series of eruptions that expelled volcanic material rapidly.
The findings indicate that the formation of the Yellowstone Caldera was more complex than we thought. Yellowstone is one of the largest volcanos in the world. It is situated above a hot spot in the Earth’s mantle.
Over the past 3 million years, Yellowstone has experienced three eruptions. These eruptions were characterized by the expulsion of huge amounts of lava …